SEO pricing isn't arbitrary, but it can look that way when you're comparing proposals side-by-side with wildly different numbers. The variation comes from three real factors: market competition, service scope, and the provider's cost structure.
Market competition is the biggest variable most firms underestimate. Ranking for "CPA firm Chicago" requires substantially more effort than ranking for "tax accountant Bend, Oregon." Competitive markets demand more content production, more authoritative backlinks, and ongoing optimization — all of which cost more time and therefore more money.
Service scope explains why two $2,000/month proposals can be completely different products. One might include technical SEO, content creation, local optimization, and link outreach. The other might be a reporting dashboard and a quarterly check-in. When you see a low number, the first question is: what's excluded?
Provider cost structure matters because you're not just buying deliverables — you're buying a team's time and expertise. Boutique specialists, generalist agencies, and offshore vendors all have different cost bases, and those differences show up in output quality, communication, and accountability.
Common scope elements that vary across pricing tiers:
- Technical SEO — site speed, crawlability, schema markup, mobile performance
- Content production — service pages, blog posts, location pages, FAQ content
- Google Business Profile management — optimization, posts, review strategy
- Link building — outreach to relevant directories, publications, and professional associations
- Reporting — keyword tracking, traffic analysis, conversion attribution
Understanding these drivers lets you evaluate any proposal on its actual merit rather than its sticker price.